Country Name India
Republic of India;
Bharat Ganrajya
Location
The Indian peninsula is separated from mainland Asia by the Himalayas. The Country is surrounded by the Bay of Bengal
in the east, the Arabian Sea in the west, and the Indian Ocean to the south.
Geographic Coordinates
Lying entirely in the Northern Hemisphere, the Country extends between 8° 4' and 37° 6' latitudes north of the Equator,
and 68° 7' and 97° 25' longitudes east of it. Distance: North-South: 3.214 km, East-West: 2.933 km
Indian Standard Time GMT + 05:30
Area 3.3 Million sq. km
Telephone Country Code +91
Border Countries
Afghanistan and Pakistan to the north-west; China, Bhutan and Nepal to the north; Myanmar to the east; and Bangladesh to
the east of West Bengal. Sri Lanka is separated from India by a narrow channel of sea, formed by Palk Strait and the Gulf
of Mannar.
Coastline
7,516.6 km encompassing the mainland, Lakshadweep Islands, and the Andaman & Nicobar Islands.
Terrain
The mainland comprises of four regions, namely the great mountain zone, plains of the Ganga and the Indus, the desert
region, and the southern peninsula.
Expanse Population
India 3.287.263 km² 1 Billion(2000)
India's population, as on 1 March 2001 stood at 1,028 million (532.1 million males and 496.4 million females).
Nationality
Indian
Ethnic Groups
All the five major racial types - Australoid, Mongoloid, Europoid, Caucasian, and Negroid find representation among the
people of India.
Religions
According to the 2001 census, out of the total population of 1.028 million in the Country, Hindus constituted the majority
with 80.5%, Muslims came second at 13.4%, followed by Christians, Sikhs, Buddhists, Jains, and others.
Languages
There are 22 National Languages have been recognized by the Constitution of India, of which Hindi is the Official Union
Language. Besides these, there are 844 different dialects that are practiced in various parts of the Country.
Literacy
According to the provisional results of the 2001 census, the literacy rate in the Country stands at 64.84 per cent, 75.26%
for males and 53.67% for females.
Government Type
Sovereign Socialist Democratic Republic with a Parliamentary system of Government.
Capital
New Delhi
Administrative Divisions
28 States and 7 Union Territories.
Independence Day
15th August 1947 (From the British Colonial Rule)
Constitution
The Constitution of India came into force on 26th January 1950.
Legal System
The Constitution of India is the fountain source of the legal system in the Country.
Executive Branch
The President of India is the Head of the State, while the Prime Minister is the Head of the Government, and runs office
with the support of the Council of Ministers who form the Cabinet Ministry.
Legislative Branch
The Indian Legislature comprises of the Lok Sabha (House of the People) and the Rajya Sabha (Council of States) forming
both the Houses of the Parliament.
Judicial Branch
The Supreme Court of India is the apex body of the Indian legal system, followed by other High Courts and subordinate Courts.
Flag Description
The National Flag is a horizontal tricolour of deep saffron (kesaria) at the top, white in the middle, and dark green at
the bottom in equal proportion. At the centre of the white band is a navy blue wheel, which is a representation of the
Ashoka Chakra at Sarnath.
National Holidays
26th January (Republic Day)
15th August (Independence Day)
2nd October (Gandhi Jayanti; Mahatma Gandhi's Birthda
